Holoprosencephaly
Holoprosencephaly is a malformation of the forebrain characterized by the absence of two separate cerebral hemispheres and midline structures, due to incomplete separation, and the development of hydrocephalus
Age of Onset: Less than 2 months of age
Sex Predisposition: Any sex of animal can be affected
Clinical Course:
Clinical signs worsen over time
Clinical signs worsen over time
Clinical Signs:
Behavioral/Mental Awareness
Intermittent resource guarding (food)
Inappropriate vocalization
Altered mentation (ranged from lethargic to spastic and aggressive)
Lethargy
Pica / Coprophagia
Hypodypsia (with hypernatremia)
Movement
Ataxia
Circling
Slight forelimb hypermetria
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Intermittent coughing
Other
Other congenital developmental abnormalities (cryptorchidism, retained deciduous teeth, hypoplastic penis)
Behavioral/Mental Awareness
Intermittent resource guarding (food)
Inappropriate vocalization
Altered mentation (ranged from lethargic to spastic and aggressive)
Lethargy
Pica / Coprophagia
Hypodypsia (with hypernatremia)
Movement
Ataxia
Circling
Slight forelimb hypermetria
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Intermittent coughing
Other
Other congenital developmental abnormalities (cryptorchidism, retained deciduous teeth, hypoplastic penis)
Intracranial- supratentorial
Unknown
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