Granulomatous Meningoencephalomyelitis (GME)/Primary Reticulosis
An idiopathic inflammatory response characterized by mesenchymal derived cellular infiltration into the white matter of the brain and spinal cord.
Age of Onset: 9 months – 10 years of age
Sex Predisposition: Any sex of animal can be affected
Clinical Course:
Clinical signs worsen over time
Clinical signs worsen over time
Clinical Signs:
Behavioral/Mental Awareness
Decreased awareness
“Depression”
Seizures
Behavioral changes (apathy or excitement/restlessness)
Allotriophagia (eating unnatural food items)
Posture and Appearance
Postural defects
Dropped jaw
Movement
Ataxia
Falling
Circling
Paralysis
Paresis
Increased tone in all 4 limbs
Cranial Nerves
Absent menace reflex
Decreased pupillary response
Reduced retractor bulbi reflex
Dysphagia
Facial nerve palsy
Head tilt
Nystagmus
Strabismus
Visual defects
Dysphonia
Spinal Reflexes
Postural reflex deficits
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Anorexia
Salivation
Vomiting
Muscle Atrophy
Temporalis atrophy
Painful Reactions
Pain on palpation of the thoraco-lumbar junction
Pain on dorso-flexion of the head
Behavioral/Mental Awareness
Decreased awareness
“Depression”
Seizures
Behavioral changes (apathy or excitement/restlessness)
Allotriophagia (eating unnatural food items)
Posture and Appearance
Postural defects
Dropped jaw
Movement
Ataxia
Falling
Circling
Paralysis
Paresis
Increased tone in all 4 limbs
Cranial Nerves
Absent menace reflex
Decreased pupillary response
Reduced retractor bulbi reflex
Dysphagia
Facial nerve palsy
Head tilt
Nystagmus
Strabismus
Visual defects
Dysphonia
Spinal Reflexes
Postural reflex deficits
Special Functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Anorexia
Salivation
Vomiting
Muscle Atrophy
Temporalis atrophy
Painful Reactions
Pain on palpation of the thoraco-lumbar junction
Pain on dorso-flexion of the head
Brain and spinal cord
Unknown
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