Autoimmune Polymyositis
An immune-mediated primary myositis involving muscle cell degeneration, necrosis, and apoptosis. It is thought to be mediated by cytotoxic lymphocyte mechanisms.
Age of Onset: Any age of animal can be affected (median of 4-5 years); however, Alaskan Malanutes have been reported to develop clinical signs at less than one year of age.
Sex Predisposition: Any sex of animal can be affected
Clinical Course:
Variable
Variable
Clinical Signs:
Posture and Appearance
Inability to open the jaw
Exophthalmos
Movement
Generalized weakness
“Stiff” gait (shorter interstep distance and limbs in a more extended posture)
Special functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Megaesophagus
Dysphagia
Dysphonia
Muscle Atrophy
Masticatory muscle atrophy
Generalized muscle atrophy
Pain Sensation
May have muscle pain on palpation
Other
Fever
Posture and Appearance
Inability to open the jaw
Exophthalmos
Movement
Generalized weakness
“Stiff” gait (shorter interstep distance and limbs in a more extended posture)
Special functions (e.g. respiration; urination)
Megaesophagus
Dysphagia
Dysphonia
Muscle Atrophy
Masticatory muscle atrophy
Generalized muscle atrophy
Pain Sensation
May have muscle pain on palpation
Other
Fever
Muscle
Unknown
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