Autoimmune Polymyositis
An immune-mediated primary myositis involving muscle cell degeneration, necrosis, and apoptosis. It is thought to be mediated by cytotoxic lymphocyte mechanisms.
Age of Onset: Any age of animal can be affected (median of 4-5 years); however, Airedale terriers are reported to develop clinical signs at less than one year of age.
Sex Predisposition: Any sex of animal can be affected
Clinical Course:
Variable
Variable
Clinical Signs:
Cranial Nerves
Dysphagia
Megaesophagus
Laryngeal and pharyngeal dysfunction
Dysphonia
Inability to open jaw
Exophthalmos
Movement
Generalized weakness
“Stiff” gait (shorter interstep distance and limbs in a more extended posture)
Muscle Atrophy
Generalized muscle atrophy
Masticatory muscle atrophy
Pain Sensation
May have muscle pain on palpation
Other
Fever
Cranial Nerves
Dysphagia
Megaesophagus
Laryngeal and pharyngeal dysfunction
Dysphonia
Inability to open jaw
Exophthalmos
Movement
Generalized weakness
“Stiff” gait (shorter interstep distance and limbs in a more extended posture)
Muscle Atrophy
Generalized muscle atrophy
Masticatory muscle atrophy
Pain Sensation
May have muscle pain on palpation
Other
Fever
Muscle
Unknown
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